• Patents. Patent are granted by the Ministry of Economy for novel inventions resulting from innovative ideas or improvements, involving an inventive step, appropriate for industrial application, and typically based on technical ideas. A patent is valid for a maximum of 20 years.

• Utility certificates. Utility certificates protect technical ideas and inventions similar to patents, having an industrial application but not resulting from an inventive step sufficient to qualify for patent eligibility under the conditions of a patent grant. A utility certificate is valid for a maximum of 10 years.

• Industrial designs. Industrial designs protect any two-dimensional or three-dimensional ornamental or decorative creation giving a specific design that may be utilised as an industrial or handcraft product. An industrial design does not enjoy protection unless it is recorded in the Register. The protection provisions stipulated in the law are without prejudice to copyrights and artistic rights. An industrial design is valid for a maximum of 20 years.

• Industrial design certificates. The protection deed granted by the Ministry of Economy to an industrial design confers the right to prevent third parties from using the design in the manufacturing of any product, importing any product related to the industrial design, or using it for commercial purposes, including offering it for sale or selling it.

• Integrated circuits, including layouts. Any product, in its final or intermediate form, in which at least one active element is fixed on a piece of isolating material, with some or all of the interconnections forming an integrated formation intended to perform a specific electronic function.

• Integrated circuit layouts. The protection deed granted by the Ministry of Economy to each three-dimensional arrangement prepared for an integrated circuit and intended for manufacturing.

Federal Decree-Law no. (11) of 2021 on the Regulation and Protection of Industrial Property Rights

• Patents and utility certificates: Refer to Chapter 2, parts 1 and 2.

• Industrial designs: Refer to Chapter 3.

• Integrated circuits and integrated circuits layouts: Refer to Chapter 5.